The senegal river drains a major basin the third largest in west africa after the niger basin and the lake chad. For thousands of years, the river has supported communities of farmers, cattle grazers, and fishermen. A numerical modelling study of the hydroclimatology of the. It comprises 2,000 km from east to west and 3,000 km from north to south. Apr 26, 2017 the niger river basin nourished these powers, providing the resources necessary to build and sustain empires. Africa niger river basin management project english abstract. Water, agriculture and poverty in the niger river basin. The niger basin is the largest river basin of western africa. The niger river is the largest in west africa and the inner delta formed by the river is an important network of channels and swamps which can spread over 30,000 km2 in the flood season.
The niger river basin also borders right on the lake chad basin, which has likewise supported powerful civilizations past and present. Its source is in the guinea highlands in southeastern guinea. Niger delta province, nigeria, cameroon, and equatorial guinea, africa by michele l. River basin is defined as an area of land drained by a river and its tributaries. Climate change, water, and conflict in the niger river basin. Other major rivers rise from guineas fouta djallon, including the gambia and senegal. Study of climate change in niger river basin, west africa. Water, agriculture and poverty in the niger river basin article pdf available in water international 355. The niger river, which rises in the mountains of guinea and enters the sea through its delta in southern nigeria, is about 2,600 miles in length. Africa niger river basin management project english the. About lnrbda lnrbda welcome to official website of lnrbda. Niger river basin states are still at the beginning of a shared vision process for jointly managed infrastructure and equitable benefit sharing, while senegal river basin states have led the way. By far the mightiest tributary is the benue river, which rises from.
The niger river basin is the worlds ninth largest catchment, with a drainage area of about 2,156,000 km 2 aich et al. Niger basin the niger river basin nrb in west and central africa covers a total area of 2. Upper niger river basin authority is a parastatal under the federal ministry of water resources, the authority wishes to procure the under listed projects in its financial year 2017 appropriation in line with its mandate and in furtherance of the goals of ergp as relates to economic diversification, poverty reduction and job creation. Nigeria drainage map showing study area as part of upper niger river basin. Water resources planning in the upper niger river basin. The development of both surface and underground water resources. The niger traverses four countries, two of which niger and nigeria are named after it.
The niger river is the third largest river in the african continent. About lnrbda brief history of lnrbda the lower niger river basin development authority, a parastatal of the federal ministry of water resources was reestablished in january, 1994 along with eleven other river basin development authority to embark on, among other functions. Climate change, water and conflict in the niger river basin 5 executive summary niger river basin context and case studies the niger river is the third longest river in africa, flowing for 4,200 km from its source in the guinea highlands, within the humid tropics, through mali and niger with their semiarid sahelian climates, to the. Time series analysis of floods across the niger river basin. Its drainage basin is 2,117,700 km 2 817,600 sq mi in area. The benue river basin brb is a major tributary of the niger river basin nrb and the secondlargest river in cameroon. Washington, march 4, 2015the niger river is one of the few perennial sources of water in the arid and semiarid lands of africas sahel region. Materials and methods the study area the niger river basin development authority area which is divided into upper and lower niger basin development authority australian river attributable to climate change. The niger river is the third largest in africa after the nile and the congo. The niger river basin is drained by the niger river, which represents with its length of around 4,200 km the thirdlongest river on the african continent, spanning from guinea in the basins westernmost corner over mali and the republic of niger to benin and western nigeria.
The source of the niger is located close to the fouta djallon mountains in the south of guinea at an altitude of about 800 m. Scaling up resilience for over one million people in the niger river basin of niger, burkina faso, and mali sur1m is one of 10 projects across the sahel region for which a concept note and project development grant have been approved by the dfidfunded building resilience and adaptation to climate extremes and disasters braced programme. Poverty and climate change in the niger river basin. A numerical modelling study of the hydroclimatology of the niger river basin, west africa philip g. Reaping extreme hydrological disasters due to climatic variability and changing climate nigeria experience in the lower niger subbasin water is an indispensable element of life. Signed at faranah, on 21 november 1980,23 preamble whereas the act of niamey relating to the navigation and the economic cooperation between the states of the niger basin was signed on the 26th october 1963 at niamey. The project which is located in the mid basin of the niger river includes the loop of the niger in mali, the northeast of the basin in burkina faso and the right bank of the river in niger upstream from niamey. Benin, burkina faso, cameroon, chad, ivory coast, guinea, mali, niger, and nigeria. The niger river is the third longest river in africa, running 4,200 km with an average annual flow of 180 km3. The objective of the niger river basin management project for africa is to strengthen the institutional framework for regional cooperation in water resources in the niger river basin. The drainage density is very high and has given rise to an intricate drainage texture. The project is in response to the serious problems. There are over eighty major rivers in nigeria and the biggest among them are the river niger and benue.
Nov 17, 2011 climate change, water, and conflict in the niger river basin new research on the niger river basin finds that the effects of climate change in the region are pervasive and that latent conflict between groups disagreements and disputes over damage to farmland and restricted access to water, but not physical violence is common. The nine benin, burkina faso, cameroon, chad, cote divoire, guinea, mali, niger, and nigeria have embraced. The niger river basin management project will support efforts to. Africa niger river basin management project english. Niger river basin context and case studies the niger river is the third longest river in africa, flowing for 4,200 km from its source in the guinea highlands, within the humid tropics, through mali and niger with their semiarid sahelian climates, to the niger delta in nigeria. The river spreads across 10 countries with an area of 3. Several major rivers, including the niger west africas longest river originate in the guinea highlands, where rainfall is heavy.
In the niger basin, countries collaborate on hydropower. The impact of climate change on the niger river basin. It is 4200 km long and has a, basin area of 1,500,000 square kilometres. The surface height varies from 1,100 m above mean sea level at the niger river. The nile river basin the 6850km long nile is the worlds longest river, and flows from south to north with a catchment basin covering approximately 10% of the african continent exhibit 1. Irrigation and irrigated agriculture potential in the. There are two components to the project, the first component being. Nine riparian countries share its basin, which rank all among the ghile yb, taner m. It serves many water resource functions including irrigation. With its 4,200 km, the niger river is the continents third longest river. Topography of the niger river basin 1 geographically the niger river basin stretches between the meridians 11 th west and 15 th east and between the parallels 5 th and 22 nd north. Benue river, river in western africa, longest tributary of the niger, about 673 miles 1,083 km in length. The niger river basin the niger basin is a vital and complex hydrological asset for west and part of central africa andersen et al.
The niger river is the economic mainstay for nine riparian, sahelian countries in its basin benin, burkina faso, cameroon, chad, cote divoire, guinea, mali, niger and nigeria. Pdf water, agriculture and poverty in the niger river basin. In its current form, the nba aims to harmonise and coordinate national water. Pdf water, agriculture and poverty in the niger river. Niger river basin freshwater for january 1985 1999. It is the continents third largest river, isbn 97808262037 buy the the niger river basin.
Administrative, accounting and financial procedures manual financing agreement reference. The niger river basin, home to 100 million people, is a vital yet complex asset for west and central africa. The nine benin, burkina faso, cameroon, chad, cote divoire, guinea, mali, niger, and nigeria have embraced a shared vision to build institutional capacity, political agreement, and public support for. Geology and mineral resources of the lower benue trough. It traverses no less than nine countries, and touches the life of around 100 million people that live in the basin.
The niger basin authority nba builds on a long history of cooperation going back to the niger river commission, set up shortly after independence in 1963. Written by administrator wednesday, 06 may 2020 15. This basin is very complex, and it carries high economic value as it. There are more than 150 million peoplein the basin, about one third of which living in. The most important are the niger river basin shared between 11 countries taking into account the nonactive part of the basin, the senegal river basin 4 countries, the volta river basin 6 countries, the lake chad basin 8 countries, and the comoe river basin 4 countries. For example, the main livelihood of the people in niger river basin is traditional, low input, rainfed farming and nomadic pastoralism. Multinational silt control in the niger river basin niger. In addition to the reduction of niger river discharge, the recently built talo and djenne dams and adjacent irrigation schemes in the bani river basin are further shortening the water resources in the ind by another 4%.
Its consistence with changes in temperature and rainfall will also be investigated. Discharge gauging stations used for analysis are marked in green and reservoirs as red ovals 32. Despite its internal connectivity, west africa is largely secluded from other parts of the continent. River niger is the th3rd longest river in africa and the 9 worldwide, with a length of 4200 km and its tributaries include the river benue 1200 km. Autorite du bassin du niger is an intergovernmental organisation in west africa aiming to foster cooperation in managing and developing the resources of the basin of the river niger. Climate change, water and conflict in the niger river basin. Irrigation and irrigated agriculture potential in the sahel. The fao estimates the irrigation potential of all countries in the niger river basin at 2. The lower niger river basin development authority, a parastatal of the federal ministry of water resources was reestablished in january, 1994 along with eleven other river basin development authority to embark on, among other functions. Each country within the basin has unique geographic settings and a wide range of available resources. The group is referred to by both the french and english initialisms, nba or abn. Overview of niger river basin countries and basin history the niger river basin is an extraordinary asset for the nine countries that are within its watershed and for the broader west and central africa region. And its natural advantages will continue to make west africa a seat of power, if the regions longstanding problems dont get in the way. River basin, which should be viewed in its totality as a unique hydrological system need for improved knowledge of the current situation and trends in water availability and water demand in the niger basin.
Headwaters of the niger river system are located in guinea, and from there the river flows into mali, through the inner niger delta and then through niger. In the wetland niger delta, the niger river, the worlds seventh longest river 4120km long, bifurcates into the nun and forcados rivers whose distributary pattern is actually responsible for the origin of the reticulate drainage pattern that characterizes the niger delta proper. The river s regime is now controlled by a series of dams situated on the nile itself or on one of its various tributaries. The benue trough is arbitrarily subdivided into three portions. Quantifying the sustainability of water availability for. With a length of 4200 km, the niger river is the third longest river in africa after the nile and the congo. It runs in a crescent through mali, niger, on the border with benin and then through nigeria.
Seven of the nine basin countries are among the 20 poorest coun. The niger basin authority has received a grant from the african development bankafrican development fundgreen climate fundclimate investment fundand global environment facility for covering the cost of the programme for integrated development and adaptation to climate change in the niger basin pidaccnb, and intends to use part of the. On average, the reduction between september and november amounts to about 23% compared to natural flows. At 4,200 kilometers, the niger river is africas third longest river, with the basin covering a surface area of nearly 1. Pdf poverty and climate change in the niger river basin. Changes to flow regime on the niger river at koulikoro. Benefits and river basin development planning and management ezenweani raymond sunday. Multinational silt control in the niger river basin. The construction of dams for hydropower generation is underway or envisaged in order to alleviate chronic power shortages in the countries of the niger basin. Quantifying the sustainability of water availability for the. A comprehensive collation of river basins in nigeria.